Cyborgs – Science Fiction to Scientific Reality

The year is 2021. It is two decades after the 9/11 attacks. A group of terrorists are seated at an outdoor café discussing their plans. A cat observes from about 5 meters away. Images are transmitted from its brain providing real-time information. At the same time, a tiny beetle goes unnoticed as it takes position underneath the table. It is outfitted with a nano-listening device that transmits the content of the terrorists’ discussion also in real-time. A few minutes later, a couple of pigeons land nearby and begin pecking for crumbs. As they do so, they inch closer to the table. A few minutes later, each pigeon lifts a wing dispensing a poisoned dart. Before the terrorists can react, each is dead. Elsewhere in the world, a soldier who lost his arms and legs in combat, through sheer perseverance and utilization of bionic limbs wins a triathlon. In the process, he outperforms mere mortals with natural limbs. Sound far-fetched? Not anymore! Cyborgs – part machine, part biological organism that can be used for scientific, medical, military/intelligence/law enforcement purposes, have become a reality thanks to scientific and technological advances presenting both promise (e.g. the possibility of significant medical breakthroughs to restore and enhance quality of life and to extend life itself) and trepidation (e.g. as machine and organism merge, the delineating boundary of life becomes blurred impacting associated rights while the possibility of controlling human thought and action becomes frighteningly real).

The term “cyborg” was coined by NASA scientists Manfred Clynes and Nathan Kline in 1960 when discussing the hypothetical advantages of human-machines in space. Although such cybernetic organisms became the realm of science fiction, efforts to create real-life cyborgs began even before the term was conceived and continue to this day.

· In 1950 José Delgado of Yale University inserted electrodes onto a bull’s brain to gain crude control over its movements. He successfully demonstrated this control in Córdoba, Spain in 1963 when he stood in the path of a charging cyborg bull and steered it away at the last moment.

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Satellite Versus Dial-Up Internet

It’s a high tech, high speed world, and we want our technology fast and furious. Dial-up internet may have been a great technological advancement in its time, but the world has moved far beyond it, and the needs of the average internet user far outstrip the capacities of dial-up. Free up your phone line and enjoy higher speed, higher quality internet by switching over to satellite broadband. If you remain unconvinced, read on to learn why you should consider making the change.

As the name implies, dial-up internet really is dialing. It uses your phone line to make the connection, which means that the phone line cannot be used for anything else while it is connected to the internet. This means that while you are online, you could be missing important calls. And if you forget to sign off the internet when you are done, it goes on blocking your calls and racking up the bill. It means that if you are expecting a phone call soon, you know you can’t sign online. Perhaps the worst of all, though, is when someone in your household is using the dial-up internet and you are not aware of it, and you pick up the phone to make a call – and are met with that abominable cacophony of screeching technology that tells you the phone line is already in use.

Switching over to satellite completely eliminates these telephone woes. Connecting to the web via satellite will no more disturb your phone lines than does watching your satellite TV – they use completely unrelated networks to provide their services, so there is no usage conflict. When you pick up your phone you can breathe easy knowing you will never, ever hear that terrible noise again. You can chat on the phone while you work on the computer, which can be especially handy for those who work from home.

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